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Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia is a medical condition characterized by a lower-than-normal number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are small cell fragments that play a crucial role in blood clotting and preventing excessive bleeding. When the platelet count is significantly reduced, it can lead to an increased risk of bleeding and easy bruising.
Common symptoms
Thrombocytopenia can be caused by various factors, including underlying medical conditions (e.g., immune thrombocytopenia, leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome), medications (e.g., certain antibiotics, chemotherapy drugs), infections, and bone marrow disorders.
Diagnosis involves a blood test to measure the platelet count. Additional tests may be performed to determine the underlying cause of thrombocytopenia, such as bone marrow aspiration or biopsy.
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of thrombocytopenia. It may include addressing the underlying condition, medication (such as corticosteroids, immune globulin, or platelet transfusions), or in some cases, surgical procedures.